What is Kali Linux?

Kali Linux is a powerful operating system (OS) widely used in cybersecurity for both offensive and defensive purposes. Penetration testers, ethical hackers, and even threat actors use Kali to conduct attacks, analyze vulnerabilities, perform reverse engineering, and gather intelligence.

You can install Kali with all tools preloaded or opt for a custom installation, tailoring the toolset to your specific needs.

Tool Categories in Kali Linux

Many of Kali's tools align with the MITRE ATT&CK framework and are grouped by purpose, including:

• Reconnaissance 
• Resource Development 
• Initial Access
• Execution 
• Persistence 
• Privilege Escalation
• Defense Evasion
• Credential Access
• Discovery
• Lateral Movement
• Collection
• Command and Control
• Exfiltration
• Impact
• Forensics
• Services and Other Tools

10 Commonly Used Tools Included in Kali

Nmap - A powerful network scanner used for mapping hosts and services.

Metasploit Framework - A platform for developing, testing, and executing exploits.

Wireshark - A packet analyzer that lets you capture and inspect network traffic.

Aircrack-ng - A suite of tools for auditing wireless networks.

Burp Suite - A favorite for web application testing and vulnerability scanning.

John the Ripper - A password cracking tool for testing password strength.

Hydra - A fast and flexible login cracker supporting many protocols.

SQLMap - Automates the process of detecting and exploiting SQL injection flaws.

Nikto - A web server scanner that checks for outdated software and misconfigurations.

Ettercap - A comprehensive suite for man-in-the-middle attacks on LANs.

These tools are just the beginning. Kali Linux includes hundreds more, making it one of the most versatile platforms for cybersecurity work.

Final Thoughts

Whether you're learning ethical hacking or performing security assessments, Kali Linux offers a robust and flexible toolkit. Understanding the purpose of each tool helps you apply the right one at the right stage of an engagement or investigation.

Want to dive deeper into ethical hacking tools and techniques?

Check out What Is Pen Testing and What Skills & Knowledge Do You Need?

Kali Linux is also an excellent tool for CTFs.

Check out What are CTFs and Why You Should Do Them?